let angle = 0;  // Initial angle of rotation

let radius = 150;  // Radius of the orbit for planets

let starPositions = [];  // Array to store star positions and sizes

let comets = [];  // Array to store comet objects

​

function setup() {

  createCanvas(600, 400);

  // Create two planets using the Planet class

  planet1 = new Planet(40, 'blue', 'white');  // First planet (larger)

  planet2 = new Planet(20, '#FF9800', 'rgb(165,242,249)'); // Second planet (smaller)

  // Generate stars and store them

  generateStars(100);

}

​

function draw() {

  background(0);  // Black background for space

  drawStars(); // Draw the static stars

​

  fill(255, 0, 0);

  strokeWeight(2);

  stroke(255, 106, 0);  // Deep orange for the sun's outline

  circle(width / 2, height / 2, 90);  // Sun shape at the center

​

  // Update and draw the planets

  planet1.update(angle, radius);

  planet1.show();

  planet2.update(angle + PI, radius);  // The PI angle ensures planets are always opposite each other

  planet2.show();

  // Increment the angle for continuous rotation

  angle += 0.01;

  // Creating and managing the creation of comets: 1% chance each frame to spawn a new comet

  if (random(1) < 0.01) {

    comets.push(new Comet());  // Add a comet to the array

    // 50% chance to add a second comet

    if (random(1) < 0.5) {

      comets.push(new Comet());

    }

  }

  // Update and draw comets, and check for collisions with the sun or planets

  for (let i = comets.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {

    comets[i].update();  // Move comet

    comets[i].show();    // Display comet

    // Check if the comet goes offscreen

    if (comets[i].offscreen()) {

      comets.splice(i, 1); // Remove the comet from the array

      continue;

    }

    // Check if comet collides with the sun

    if (collidesWithSun(comets[i])) {

      comets.splice(i, 1); // Remove the comet if it hits the sun

      continue;

    }

    // Check if comet collides with planet1

    if (collidesWithPlanet(comets[i], planet1)) {

      comets.splice(i, 1); // Remove the comet if it hits planet1

      continue;

    }

    // Check if comet collides with planet2

    if (collidesWithPlanet(comets[i], planet2)) {

      comets.splice(i, 1); // Remove the comet if it hits planet2

      continue;

    }

  }

}

​

// Function to generate stars and store their positions, size, and color

function generateStars(numStars) {

  for (let i = 0; i < numStars; i++) {

    let x = random(0, width);  // Random x position

    let y = random(0, height);  // Random y position

    let size = random(1, 3); // Random size

    // Colors for stars (magenta, blue, yellow, and white)

    let colr = [color('magenta'), color('blue'), color('yellow'), color(255)];

    // Store each star's position, size, and color

    starPositions.push({

      x: x,

      y: y,

      size: size,

      colr: random(colr)

    });

  }

}

​

// Function to draw stars from stored positions

function drawStars() {

  for (let i = 0; i < starPositions.length; i++) {

    let star = starPositions[i];

    stroke(star.colr);  // Set color for each star

    strokeWeight(star.size); // Set size for each star

    point(star.x, star.y);   // Draw the star

  }

}

​

// Class to create a planet

class Planet {

  constructor(size, colr, strokecolor) {

    this.size = size;

    this.colr = color(colr);  // Fill color

    this.strokecolor = strokecolor;  // Outline color

    this.x = 0;  // X position (calculated later)

    this.y = 0;  // Y position (calculated later)

  }

​

  // Update the planet's position based on the angle and radius

  update(angle, radius) {

    this.x = width / 2 + cos(angle) * radius;  // X position

    this.y = height / 2 + sin(angle) * radius; // Y position

  }

​

  // Show the planet

  show() {

    stroke(this.strokecolor);  // Outline color

    strokeWeight(2)

    fill(this.colr);  // Fill color

    ellipse(this.x, this.y, this.size);  // Draw the planet

  }

}

​

// Class to create a comet

class Comet {

  constructor() {

    this.x = -50;  // Start comet just outside the left edge

    this.y = random(height);  // Random Y position

    this.size = random(5, 15);  // Random size

    this.speed = random(5, 10); // Random speed

  }

​

  // Update the comet's position

  update() {

    this.x += this.speed;  // Move the comet to the right

  }

​

  // Show the comet and its tail

  show() {

    fill(255, 255, 0);  // Comet color (yellow)

    noStroke();  // No outline

    ellipse(this.x, this.y, this.size);  // Draw the comet

    // Draw the comet's tail

    stroke(255, 255, 0, 150);  // Tail color (semi-transparent yellow)

    strokeWeight(this.size / 3);  // Tail width based on comet size

    line(this.x - this.size * 2, this.y, this.x, this.y);  // Tail line

  }

​

  // Check if the comet is offscreen

  offscreen() {

    return this.x > width + 50;  // Returns true if the comet is off the right side

  }

}

​

// Function to check if a comet collides with the sun

function collidesWithSun(comet) {

  let sunX = width / 2;

  let sunY = height / 2;

  let sunRadius = 45;  // Sun's radius (half of its diameter)

​

  // Calculate distance between the comet and the sun

  let distance = dist(comet.x, comet.y, sunX, sunY);

  // Check if the distance is less than the combined radius of the sun and the comet

  return distance < (sunRadius + comet.size / 2);

}

​

// Function to check if a comet collides with a planet

function collidesWithPlanet(comet, planet) {

  // Calculate the distance between the comet and the planet

  let distance = dist(comet.x, comet.y, planet.x, planet.y);

  // Check if the distance is less than the combined radius of the planet and the comet

  return distance < (planet.size / 2 + comet.size / 2);

}